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In early pregnancy, one of the major concerns for expectant mothers is bleeding. Many women experience varying degrees of bleeding during early pregnancy, which can cause significant anxiety and worry. Is bleeding normal? Does it indicate a potential miscarriage? Does this situation also occur with IVF?
Firstly, it’s important to understand that early pregnancy bleeding does not necessarily indicate a miscarriage. In many cases, it is simply implantation bleeding, which is a normal physiological occurrence. When the fertilized egg implants into the uterine lining, it can cause light bleeding. This bleeding typically appears as light pink or brown discharge, with minimal amount and short duration, and usually does not warrant excessive concern.
The implantation process involves three stages: positioning, adhesion, and penetration. Typically, around the seventh day post-fertilization, the fertilized egg enters the uterine cavity and begins implantation. This process can take about five days, with individual variations. Some women with better health may have a shorter implantation time, while others may take around ten days. Implantation usually occurs in the upper part of the uterine wall, and at this time, the levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) begin to rise to maintain the corpus luteum's lifespan and function.
However, implantation bleeding may also be caused by inadequate corpus luteum function. Insufficient corpus luteum function can lead to uterine bleeding, possibly due to low levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland or an imbalance between progesterone and estrogen produced by the corpus luteum. The extent of bleeding can vary depending on the severity of corpus luteum insufficiency. Severe insufficiency may lead to more bleeding, while mild insufficiency typically results in less bleeding.
If you encounter bleeding in early pregnancy, it’s important not to panic. It is recommended to visit a professional obstetrics and gynecology hospital for examination as soon as possible, particularly for a blood test to check progesterone levels, and follow the doctor’s advice, including medication if necessary. If the bleeding is minimal and progesterone levels are normal, usually no special treatment is needed; just maintain hygiene, rest well, and avoid excessive exertion and late nights.
When it comes to preventing early pregnancy loss, age is a significant factor. For women aged 22 to 35, the natural miscarriage risk is about 15%, whereas for women over 35, the risk of miscarriage significantly increases, and for those over 40, the risk exceeds 50%. Among women who have experienced their first natural miscarriage, the probability of embryo chromosomal abnormalities is as high as 45%. For older pregnant women, chromosomal abnormalities in the embryo are a major cause of recurrent miscarriage, accounting for over 60%.
Dr. Nathan Zhang notes that for women with a history of miscarriage, third-generation IVF technology (IVF-PGT) can significantly reduce the risk of miscarriage caused by chromosomal issues through embryo genetic screening. This technology allows for detailed chromosomal screening of embryos, selecting healthy embryos for transfer, thereby increasing the success rate of pregnancy and reducing miscarriage risk. After a miscarriage, it is recommended to undergo induction or miscarriage, and then wait 6 to 9 months before attempting pregnancy again.
Currently, IVF USA offers services such as egg freezing, IVF-PGT, and third-party reproductive assistance in the U.S., and has expanded its operations beyond the U.S. to include IVF and egg freezing in Japan, Thailand, Mexico, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and other regions. Collaborating closely with top IVF specialists worldwide, IVF USA is dedicated to providing high-quality reproductive medical services for every woman desiring to conceive. We hope every expectant mother achieves a successful pregnancy and delivers a healthy baby!
